Unicon

Unicon

Unicon is a very high level programming language descended from Icon: expression-based, goal-directed evaluation, rich string and structure handling, and integrated graphics and systems programming features. It is a general-purpose language with object-oriented extensions, concurrency, and database and network libraries, used for teaching, research, and applications. It runs on many operating systems (Linux, Windows, macOS, BSD) and on common CPU architectures (e.g. i386, amd64, arm64).

License: the project is distributed under the GNU General Public License; see the COPYING file in this repository (Debian packaging references GPL-2+ in debian/copyright).

Contents

Documentation

Shipped manuals, technical reports, and other files are indexed under doc/ (the documentation index — use its table of contents for the full list). On unicon.sourceforge.io, Books lists editions and free PDFs (including Programming with Unicon and related titles), and Unicon Programming is an example-oriented online guide. Rosetta Code has Unicon solutions for many programming tasks. More technical reports and resources are linked from the project site.

GitHub Pages: uniconproject.github.io/unicon (this README) · doc/ for the documentation index.

Editors and IDEs

Syntax highlighting: config/editor/ ships highlighting and editor integration files for several environments (GNU Emacs, Sublime Text, Notepad++, and others); see config/editor/README for installation notes.

Visual Studio Code: the .vscode/ directory in this repository holds workspace settings (tasks, launch, optional recommendations). Unicon support is available in three extensions: Unicon Helper, Unicon Debugger, and Unicon Syntax — or search the Marketplace for “Unicon”.

Installation

The latest sources are available from Unicon’s git repositories and GitHub. To get the sources from either repo do:

git clone https://github.com/uniconproject/unicon.git

On Windows systems it is advised to add the --config core.autocrlf=input option to the git command. git is available on Linux via the standard package managers, for example on a Debian system:

sudo apt install git

On macOS git is available with Xcode. On Windows you can install and set up git using the instructions: here

For source tarballs and binary distributions, see the unicon.org download page.

Build Instructions

Prerequisites - Gnu/Unix utilities such as shell, make, grep, etc. - C language compiler that supports C99 such as gcc or clang

The initial configuration is done via a standard GNU autoconf script, run:

./configure --help

For configuration options help. On Windows:

sh configure --help

The configuration script allows you to enable or disable features in the Unicon build at compile time. Some of the features are turned on by default as long as the dependencies are satisfied. Those features can be turned off by doing --disable-FEATURE, for example:

./configure --disable-graphics

disables all graphics support. On the other hand, some features are disabled by default. Those can be turned on by doing --enable-FEATURE, for example, to enable operator overloading:

./configure --enable-ovld

One other aspect to consider is that the configure script is opportunistic when it comes to turning on features. Features that are enabled by default will be disabled automatically if they are missing dependencies. If you want to change the behavior to make the configure script stop with an error instead of skipping a feature when its dependencies are missing, just enable that feature explicitly. For example, if you want to enable https/ssl, do:

./configure --enable-ssl

If openssl development library is not present on the system, the configure script will stop with an error message:

configure: error: "ssl requires libssl-dev or equivalent"

Linux

Use the package manager in your Linux distribution to get the build utilities and C compiler. For example, on a Debian system

sudo apt install build-essential

Optionally, you can install development library dependencies to enable more Unicon features. Most of these libraries are listed below for common Linux distributions.

Debian/Ubuntu:

apt install libgl1-mesa-dev libssl-dev libx11-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libglu1-mesa-dev
            libxft-dev libopenal-dev libalut-dev libogg-dev libvorbis-dev unixodbc-dev
        libfreetype6-dev

Fedora/Centos (Depending on your Centos version, you may need to replace dnf with yum):

dnf install libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng-devel libX11-devel mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel
            freetype-devel openal-devel freealut-devel libogg-devel libvorbis-devel
        openssl-devel unixODBC-devel libXft-devel

Go into the Unicon directory and run:

./configure
make -j

After that you can add unicon/bin to the $PATH environment variable or install Unicon instead:

make install

macOS

Install Xcode command line tools (or all of Xcode) from the macOS app store. After that the build steps are the same as those on Linux. To ensure using clang, explicitly set the compiler as follows:

./configure CC=clang CXX=clang++

If you want access to the graphics facilities of Unicon, you also need to download and install the XQuartz package from https://www.xquartz.org/.

*BSD

Install build dependencies. Make sure to use GNU gmake when building.

pkg install -y -f autoconf gmake lang/gcc git

Configure, make, and optionally install unicon:

./configure
gmake -j
gmake install

Windows

There are two possibilities depending on the choice of the C runtime library. You can choose the legacy Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime (MSVCRT), which runs on all versions of Windows, or the newer Universal C Runtime (UCRT64), which is used by Visual Studio but is only available by default on Windows 10 and newer. Starting from version 13.3, binary distributions of Unicon for Windows will be built with UCRT64. See msys2 environments for more details about available environments and their C Library options.

1. UCRT64:

pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-toolchain mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-diffutils git
pacman -S mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-openssl  mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libpng mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libjpeg-turbo 
git clone --config core.autocrlf=input https://github.com/uniconproject/unicon

The option --config core.autocrlf=input avoids problems with different conventions for the end of line character.

./configure --build=x86_64-w64-mingw32

The option x86_64-w64-mingw32 ensures the build is 64-bit. After the script finishes do:

make

Note that, although the build environment is UCRT64, the resulting Unicon binaries may also be run from the standard Windows command line cmd terminal.

2. MSVCRT (Legacy):

Note that you may be missing the tool “make”. TDM MinGW comes with a “make” that is named mingw32-make.exe. That file can be found under the installation directory of MinGW64 inside the bin directory. Create a copy of that file and name it “make.exe” before continuing.

After that you can use the standard Windows command line cmd terminal to build Unicon.

sh configure

or

make WUnicon64

Which is a shortcut for running:

sh configure --build=x86_64-w64-mingw32

The option x86_64-w64-mingw32 ensures the build is 64-bit. After the script finishes do:

make

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md for reporting issues, pull requests, and developer builds (compiler sanitizers, GDB, ASAN_OPTIONS, etc.).

Help